Grinding machine



May 30, 1944. F. J. HORTON GRINDING MACHINE Filed Nov. 9, 1940 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 ATTO y 1944- F. J. HORTON 2,350,234

GRINDING MACHINE Filed Nov. 9, 1940 4 Sheets-Shet '2 INVENTOR "ATTQ eEYs.

May 30, 1944. F. J. HORTON GRINDING MACHINE 4 Sheets- Sheet 5 Filed Nov. 9, 1940 4 INVENTOR 77 4 J'H ri m fi ks.

. May 30, 1944. F. J. HORTON GRINDING MACHINE Filed Nov. 9, 1940 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 i i E i i E] i l l BY %M% 9%:

ATT EY "Patented Horton, Hamtranick, Mich,

asaignorto Super Tool Company, Detroit, Mich; a corporation of Michigan Application November 9; 1s4o;"serial No. 364,947

1Claim.'. My invention relates to grinding machine and particularly to agrinding machine.and attachment in which a rotatable workpiece may" be ground to cylindrical and oval form; or ilgures having one or any number of ilat, concave, or' convex. sides. The machine or attachmentembodi'es a housing containing driving mechanism and change gear structure, all ot which is mounted on a rockable bar which carries a tail stock for sup-- porting one end of the workpiece'while the other end is supported and driven by the head stock forming; part of the housing and driving mechanism. I Adjustable cam means regulate the degree of oscillation provided tothe housing, the driving mechanism and the workpiece, toward and away from the grinding wheel. The rela-' tionshipbetween the driving mechanism -and the change gear structure controls the number of oscillations of the device and workpiece relative to a single rotation of the workpiece. when a one to one 'ratio obtains. a portion of the workpiece is ground over, or one side is ground concave, convex, or ilat, depending .upon the degree of oscillation of. the workpiece. When two oscillations oi the workpiece occur to a single rotation. oi the workpiece-two sides are ground flat, concave, or convex, the latter forming an oval shape on the workpiece. When the ratio of oscillation is three to one, a triangular form is ground on the workpiece, the sides of which maybe flat, concave, or convex. Similarly, when the ratios are four to one, five to one. or any greater number, a figure having a similar number of sides is ground on the workpiece, the sides of which may be concave,'convex, or flat. It will thus be seen that the device is universal in application, and when adjusted to eliminate the oscillation, a cylindricalflgure may be ground on the workpiece without removing it from its supports.

Ac ordingly. the main objects of my invention are: to provide a machine or device for driving 'a workpiece in rotation and forming figures .of any number of sides or shapes thereon; to provide a driving mechanism for a workpiecewhich oscillates the workpiece various degrees and ratios to the rotation of theworkpiece forgrinding various shapes thereto; to provide a pivoted bar with a housing and an adjustable tail stock -and driving a workpiece mounted therebetween with mechanism within the housing which is selectively arranged to oscillate the bar and therefore the workpiece any number of times relative a single rotation oi the workpiece for mat icift -zso' v chining predetermined i'orms thereon; to move the work support laterally across the grinding wheel as the workpiece is rotated and oscillated toward and away from the grinding wheel in .5 a selected number or times relative to a single .rotation'of the workpiece to grind on a predetermined length thereof a desired form; and

in general, to provide a grinding machine and attachment which is simple inconstruction, positure.

Other bl'ects and ieatures of novelty of my invention will be either specifically pointed out or will become apparent when referring, for a better understanding or my invention, to the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Figure 1 is 'a plan view, with a part broken 'away, of an attachment, device embodying tea tures of my invention;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged broken sectional view of the structure illustrated in Fig. 1, taken on the line 2-2 thereof;

Fig. 3 is an enlarged broken sectional view of the structure illustrated in Fig. 1, taken on the line 3-; thereof; Fig. 4 is an enlarged and view of the structure illustrated in Fig. 1, as viewed from the leit hand side thereof;

Fig. 5 is an enlarged sectional view of the 10 tive in oZeration, and economical oi. manufacstructure illustrated in Fla. 1, taken on the line 5-! thereof, with a part broken away:

Fig. 6 is an enlarged sectional view of the structure illustrated in Fig. 4, taken on the line 6-6 thereof; and,

Fig. 7 is an enlarged sectional view of the structure illustrated in Fig.

I thereof.

In the figures, I have illustrated an attachment which comprises a base l0 which is bolted to the carriage of a grinding machine which may be red laterally of the .iace of a grinding stone. It is to be understood that the base Ill may be the carriage oi. a grinding-machine 4, taken on the line when the device is built directly into a grinding machine, The grinding machine being a standard well-known form of equipment, is not here- ,in illustrated or described. The base it has a pair of bearings H and i2 mounted in projecting ends ii for supporting a rocking bar it in. the space therebetween. A tail stock is mounted on the right hand end of the rocking bar it, being adjustable along the bar to have the space between cenfiB ters conform to the length of the workpiece.

- piece and for oscillating the housing and'the rock bar it. The workpiece is mounted on the spindles II and it and igrotated while being oscillated, or, through the elimination of the oscillating movement, the workpiece may be groimd to cylindrical form.

Ashaftil is mounted onbearings supported withinthehousinmtheoneendhavingsecured theretoawormwheel l8. Aworm 2i drivesthe wormwheeifromashaftllhavinganoutboard bearing 2!. A pinion II is siidably mounted'on the shaft 2i and maintained in driving relation therewith-by keys II. The keys slide in keyways II extending-a substantial distance along the shaft. The pinion is disposed between a bifurcated block 8| which is movable along the shaft by a bifurcated element 32 which spans the block and which'extends through a slot II inthe wall of the casing. A shaft It extends through the base web of the element 32 having an operating handle ll mounted on its outer end. The bifureated block 8| has an idler gear It in mesh with the pinion II and mounted on a stub. shaft 31. The bifurcated block II carries a gear sector ll which is in mesh with a bevel gear ll carried on the end of the shaft 3|. By rotating the handle II, the idler gear II is moved toward and away from one of a set of driven gears mounted.

on a shaft Ii. The shaft I is mounted on bearings if within the housing in alignment with the shaft II and gears i3, 44, l8, l0, l1, ll, and Cl of the set, and secured thereto. The gears have teeth of the same pitch and pressure angle. the number of which increases'from the gear 48 to the gear ll, respectively. The teeth of the idler gear mesh with the teeth of the gears l! to it inclusive, and through manipulation of the handle I. may be moved into engagement with any one of the gears. In this manner, the (111'? ing of the shaft 4| may be changed relative to mounted in the housing having an end I 'adjacent to the rear end of the center i! by which the center may be loosened in the supporting hub ll. Ball bearings IT are employed between the sleeve l3 and the hub N in a conventional manner.

A gear I. is also mounted on the sleeve I! having a lesser number of teeth than the gear I! and which may be employed as the drivin gear for theworkpiece under certain conditions by removing the gear II and mounting another gear in mesh with the gear II. The drivinsbf the sleeve I8 through the gear ll, doubles the speed of rotation of the sleeve for a purpose which will be explained more fully hereinafter.

,Referring a in to the shaft ii, an oscillating mechanism I is mounted on the right hand end.

as illustrated in Fig. 6. A plate I! is keyed to the shaft II and is provided with a slot '3 presenting outwardly of the plate. A cam part II having on the outer periphery a recess II for roller bearings It is provided with'a key-like projection" l2. Adial'llisprovidedontheexposedfaceof' the cam part It over which an indicating pointer ll, mounted it is' adjmte to disclose the amount of .eccen- --tricity provided to the cam part ii. The rollers engagetheinnersurfaceofanaperturell ononeehdofalink 1s. Theopposite end of the linkissecuredon'apinl'lwhichismountedon alinkllhavingoneendsecuredtothebase'll by a pivot ll. A latch ll projects over the end of the link ll opposite to thatmounted on the pin II and biased into engagement therewith by a spring 02.. Adjacent to the latch ll is a latch II which may engages pm It on the side of the housing I! when the latch 0i releases the link II and the housing is tilted upwardly to align the pin 84 with the latch ll.

with the parts in the. position illustrated in the drawings, the operation of the device will now be described. -It will be noted that the shaft 2] is connected to the shaft ll through the pinion I1, idler gear 3, and the gear ll of the set. The latch ll engages the end of the link I. and anchorsthe link I. in fixed relation to the base 3Q II. The cam II has been adjusted on the end of the shaft II to produce the proper degree of oscillating movement to the housing II which occurs ll thereof in the slot ll of the plate I! which is.

keyed to the shaft. In the position illustrated, the center of the shaft is substantially on the center of the cam part II. This is indicated by the pointer Ii being substantially on the I" mark of the dial. By adjusting the-cam N the center of the cam part N is shifted relative to the center of the shaft 2i. By this adjustment the amount of eccentricity between the center of the cam part 04 and that of the shaft II is regulated which controls the degree of oscillation to the housing, rocking bar and therefore the workpiece.

when the center of the cam part I is exactly aligned with the center of the'shaft 2 I, no tilting movement will occur to the rock bar I l and the workpiece. To eliminate the necessity of making this adjustment when the workpiece is to be rotated only, the latch ll is moved counterclockwise to release the link II and the housing, the rocking bar and the workpiece are tilted forwardly to aposition in which the latch 83 engages the pin 84. In position the eccentric movement is imparted to the link It only and the housing and the rocking barare locked in the fixed position.

when driving through the gear." the rockin bar and workpiece are oscillated six times to one revolution of the workpiece. When a relief is to be ground on a tool having six cutting edges,

the setting of the tool and the degree of oscillation is such relative to the grinding wheel as'to produce machining from the cutting edge radially inward on a convex arc to relieve -the'cutting edge rearwardly a predetermined amount. The entire carriage and workpiece may be moved thecamllmoveswhenthecam laterally so that the entire length of the cutting blades are machined as the grinding operation proceeds. When a round bar is mounted between the centers l6 and Hi and the proper degree of oscillation produced in the rocking bar l4, a hexagon figure will be ground on the bar with all sides fiat, of the same length and angular relation to each other. By a different adjustment of the cam, the sides could be made convex or concave to a degree conforming to the diameter of the grinding wheel 85.

By turning the handle 35 and shifting the element 31, any number of oscillations to one rotation of the workpiece may be obtainede With the structure herein illustrated, the gear 34 will produce two oscillations to one rotation of the Workpiece while gears 44, 45, 46, 41, 48, and 49 will produce three, four, five, six, seven, and eight oscillations per single rotation, respectively. When the shaft 4| is driven through the gear 43, two fiat sides may be ground on a workpiece or an oval of any flatness may be ground thereon, or two sides may be ground thereon which are convex. The difierent forms are obtained through the degree of oscillation provided to the rocking to the rocking bar l4 for each rotation of the workpiece. In this manner, geometric surfaces of accurate proportion with flat, convex or concave faces may be .quickly ground on a work- 5 piece while the latter is driven in rotation. By

bar H. The gear 44 produces a triangular fig- 2 The gear 48 will prpa six-sided figure, the gear 48 a seven-sided fig- 3 ure, and the gear 48' an eight-sided figure. It is to be understood that the sides of these figures may be made perfectly flat or they may be concave or convex, depending on the degree of oscillation applied to the rocking bar l4.

When a single flat, oval or cam shape is to be ground on a bar, the gear 5| is removed and a gear secured to the end of the shaft 4| which meshes with the gear 58. As pointed out hereinabove, the driving-through the gear 58 increases the driving of the workpiece to twice the speed through the gear so that through driving of the shaft 4| by the gear 43a single oscillation occurs securing the rocking bar I4 against oscillation, a

cylindrical surface may be ground on the work piece.

While I have illustrated structure for grinding geometric figures from one to eight sides on a workpiece, it is to be understood that by increasing the number of' gears on the shaft 4| that figures of any number of sides may be ground by my device. This may embodythe continuation of the gear set herein illustrated, or where a series of figures having a large number of sides only are to be ground: the gear 49, or a larger gear. may be employed in place of the gear 43 and increasingly larger gears added to the shaft 4|.

While I have described and illustrated but a single embodiment of my invention, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes, omissions, additions and substitutions may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention, as set forth in the accompanying claim.

What I claim is:

In a grinding device, a housing mounted for pivotal movement, a work supporting shaft in said housing, a second shaft in said housing geared to said work supporting shaft, a third shaft in said housing, a plurality of gears associated with said second and third shafts for selectively changing the speed therebetween, a plate on said third shaft having a slot, a cam part having a projection disposed in said slot and containing an elongated aperture, an eccentric on said third shaft disposed in said aperture for adjusting the eccentricityof the cam part, and a link encompassing said cam part for causing said housing to oscillate when one of said shafts is driven.

FRANK J. HORTON. 

